The crosssectional study is usually comparatively quick and easy to conduct. Second edition unc gillings school of global public health. Objective to compare risk factors for severe disease as measured by admission to hospital and intensive care unit icu and other clinical outcomes in children with pandemic h1n1 ph1n1 versus those with seasonal influenza. A cross sectional study design was used to investigate the extent of chronic fatigue and the associated psychosocial exposures in a developing country. The snapshot nature of crosssectional studies, while convenient, does have its downside in that it doesnt provide a good basis for establishing causality. With the right skill set, it can be used as an effective tool to gather rich, detailed information about specific entities. Poor psychological wellbeing and poor selfefficacy parental conflict, familial conflict and recent moving unconfidencein childrearing, abusive feeling, and unrelaxedmood. View cross sectional study research papers on academia. In reading public health research, you may encounter many terms that appear to be used interchangeably. Barriers and advantages to student participation in the school breakfast. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of crosssectional studies to consider. Crosssectional studies focus on abilities at the instant of the study, and do not describe the appearance of new skills or characteristics or the speed they were achieved. Crosssectional design aims to do the same thing, but rather than take a single group of the same ages and repeatedly test them as they grow older, this design takes a group of individual of different ages of developmental stages, and compare how the specific behavior is different from one age group to another.
The purpose of this document is to provide brief descriptions of both experimental and nonexperimental study designs and methods that may. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cross sectional studies are relatively inexpensive and quick to conduct researchers can test many people of different ages at the same time, and they are the best way to study age differences not age changes. They help clinical scientists to direct their research and clinicians to keep updated. Crosssectional study vs longitudinal study questionpro. Hivss2017 sabin caroline choosing the right study design. Cross sectional design aims to do the same thing, but rather than take a single group of the same ages and repeatedly test them as they grow older, this design takes a group of individual of different ages of developmental stages, and compare how the specific behavior is different from one age group to another. Further studies are warranted to investigate the possible mechanisms. In practice, each research approach has advantages and disadvantages, and the research approach for a cer question should be selected based upon the specific features or characteristics of the study question. Learn more in this blog about these two types of study and the differences between them. Barriers and advantages to student participation in the. You can also look at a number of variables in the one study.
The pros and cons of crosssectional approaches free essay. Crosssectional studies provide a clear snapshot of the outcome and the characteristics associated with it, at a specific point in time. Crosssectional and longitudinal studies are both observational studies. In this lesson, you will learn about the features of this tool, consider advantages and. Crosssectional studies collect all data at a set point in time. Mar 24, 2006 in this series, i previously gave an overview of the main types of study design and the techniques used to minimise biased results. The primary outcome was reporting of fatigue for at least six months. Cross sectional studies look at the relationship between a. Unlike in casecontrol studies participants selected based on the outcome status or cohort studies participants selected based on the exposure status, the participants in a crosssectional study are just selected based on the inclusion and exclusion. Crosssectional ecologic studies compare aggregate exposures and outcomes over the same time period. Longitudinal crosssectional study patients are studied at a single timepoint only e. Design retrospective analysis of children admitted to hospital with ph1n1 versus seasonal influenza a. On the other hand, a crosssectional study cannot provide a very rich picture of development. Do not offer evidence of temporal relationship between risk factors and disease not good for hypothesis testing.
These cross sectional advantages and disadvantages show us that a massive undertaking of simultaneous data collection can provide unique results that can benefit an entire population group. A crosssectional mail survey was conducted among all primarycare physicians of geneva canton n 636. Without the right skill set, the case study method becomes inefficient and inaccurate. Potential advantages of a nested casecontrol design in diagnostic research. There are some advantages and disadvantages to using crosssectional analysis. Data on the primary outcome and psychosocial exposures were. Cross sectional studies are intuitively clear and allow for the examination of a large number of variables. Crosssectional studies are much cheaper to perform than other options that are available to researchers. Here, i describe crosssectional studies, their uses, advantages and. Design advantages disadvantages cross sectional may study several outcomes relatively short duration good first step for cohort study yields prevalence, relative prevalence does not establish sequence of events not feasible for rare predictors or outcomes does not yield incidence or relative risk casecontrol study rare conditions short duration. A cross sectional study involves looking at data from a population at one specific point in time.
Advantages and disadvantages of pooled analysis pooled analysis combines time series for several crosssections1. What makes this disadvantageous is that it studies variables only on a single, short period. They commonly use surveys to collect data and they do not require participants to be assigned to groups. This means that pooled arrays of data are one that combines crosssectional data on n spatial. Crosssectional research design advantages quick descriptive role examine associations disadvantages temporal associations not clear limited research questions that can be answered shows association, not causality rare events a problem. Unlike an experimental design, where there is an active intervention by the researcher to produce and measure change or to. In a cross sectional study, exposure and disease information relate to the same time period. Advantages and disadvantages of pooled analysis pooled analysis combines time series for several cross sections1. Advantages and disadvantages of cross sectional studies cross sectional studies can be very cost effective as they are completed in a short period. A crosssectional study using freedom of information requests to evaluate variation in local authority commissioning of community pharmacy public health services in england.
Kiggs wave 2 crosssectional study participant acquisition, response rates and representativeness abstract for the third time, wave 2 of the german health interview and examination survey for children and adolescents kiggs, which is conducted in the context of health monitoring at the robert koch institute, now provides representative cross. In medical research, social science and biology, a crosssectional study also known as a crosssectional analysis, transverse study, prevalence study is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in timethat is, crosssectional data in economics, crosssectional studies typically involve the use of crosssectional. Cross sectional study captures a population in a single point in time and can help to remove assumptions. It also mostly examines the prevalence of the studied variables affecting the chosen cohorts without acknowledging previous data. In medical research, social science and biology, a crosssectional study also known as a crosssectional analysis, transverse study, prevalence study is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in timethat is, crosssectional data. The setting was a primary health centre catchment area in goa, india. Setting canadian tertiary referral childrens hospital. An example of this study design is an investigation comparing. Maryam hemed gfmer tanzania training course in sexual and. This study is the first to show an association between infection with rift valley fever virus and miscarriage in pregnant women. Cross sectional ecologic studies compare aggregate exposures and outcomes over the same time period. Crosssectional study objective to estimate the magnitude and patterns of violence against pregnant women study populationbased, household, crosssectional study in mbeya and dar es salaam, tanzania, 20012002 result violence experienced by 7% in dar es salaam and 12% in mbeya. Cross sectional studies collect all data at a set point in time. Aug 24, 2018 these case study method advantages and disadvantages offer a look at the effectiveness of this research option.
Kiggs wave 2 crosssectional study participant acquisition. The advantages and disadvantages of longitudinal studies show us that there is a tremendous value available in the ability to find longterm patterns and relationships. In a crosssectional study, exposure and disease information relate to the same time period. Case series, descriptive, and crosssectional studies 6aug14 2 case report and case series detailed description of one or more cases of a disease that are unusual for some reason never seen before occur in unexpected individuals occur in unexpected places example description of. Two distinct variables are measured at the same point in time. List of the advantages of a crosssectional study 1.
The participants in this type of study are selected based on particular variables of interest. What she did was a cross sectional study, and the document she mailed out was a simple questionnaire. Open access research a crosssectional study using freedom. A cross sectional type study design was used as it is easy, simple and costeffective to perform, it may help in generating a hypothesis for a more complex investigation and possibilities of loss. The crosssectional study design was used to investigate possible risks of cardiovascular disease and reproductive and developmental risks. In a crosssectional study, the investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the study participants at the same time. A simple example is that of physical growth in height. What she did was a crosssectional study, and the document she mailed out was a simple questionnaire. Case series, descriptive, and crosssectional studies 6aug14 2 case report and case series detailed description of one or more cases of a disease that are unusual for some reason never seen before occur in unexpected individuals occur in unexpected places example description of series of infants born with. Cross sectional research design advantages quick descriptive role examine associations disadvantages temporal associations not clear limited research questions that can be answered shows association, not causality rare events a problem. If the unpredictable factors of this research format can be planned for in advance and steps taken to remove bias, the data collected offers the potential to dramatically change. The longitudinal study uses time as the main variable, and tries to make an in depth study of how a small sample changes and fluctuates over time a cross sectional study, on the other hand, takes a snapshot of a population at a certain time, allowing conclusions about phenomena across a wide population to be drawn an example of a crosssectional study would be a medical study looking at.
Crosssectional studies can say that the two are related somehow, but they cannot positively determine if one caused the other. The cross sectional study design was used to investigate possible risks of cardiovascular disease and reproductive and developmental risks. There are three main types of ecologic study designs. A retrospective crosssectional study of risk factors and. Using the adaptable framework of the social ecological model sem, barriers and advantages influencing participation in the sbp were categorized into. That is because there is no followup required with this type of research.
Crosssectional studies are relatively inexpensive and quick to conduct researchers can test many people of different ages at the same time, and they are the best way to study age differences not age changes. Crosssectional studies kate ann levin dental health services research unit, university of dundee, dundee, scotland, uk in this series, i previously gave an overview of the main types of study design and the techniques used to minimise biased results. The nested casecontrol study design can be advantageous over a full crosssectional cohort design when actual disease prevalence in subjects suspected of a target condition is low, the index test is costly to perform, or if the index test is invasive and may lead to side effects. Additional advantages are that many risk factors can be studies at the same time, and that they are suitable for studying rare diseases. Cross sectional study fukushima medical university. Crosssectional studies are intuitively clear and allow for the examination of a large number of variables. Often described as a snapshot of a population in a certain point in time. Use of email, cell phone and text message between patients. Data on the primary outcome and psychosocial exposures.
In this series, i previously gave an overview of the main types of study design and the techniques used to minimise biased results. Jul 21, 2008 potential advantages of a nested casecontrol design in diagnostic research the nested casecontrol study design can be advantageous over a full cross sectional cohort design when actual disease prevalence in subjects suspected of a target condition is low, the index test is costly to perform, or if the index test is invasive and may lead to. These case study method advantages and disadvantages offer a look at the effectiveness of this research option. Advantages of the nested casecontrol design in diagnostic. Module 3 handout 112 major types of research designs. Fairly quick and easy to perform useful for hypothesis generation disadvantages of a crosssectional study include. Examples of its implementation include the use of an interview survey and conducting a mass screening program. Introduction to observational studies neuroophthalmology. Although there are some challenges to manage when taking this approach, it is one that most researchers find to be beneficial.
Crosssectional study captures a population in a single point in time and can help to remove assumptions. Cross sectional studies focus on abilities at the instant of the study, and do not describe the appearance of new skills or characteristics or the speed they were achieved. Despite the similarity, there are distinct differences between the two studies. The nested casecontrol study design can be advantageous over a full cross sectional cohort design when actual disease prevalence in subjects suspected of a target condition is low, the index test is costly to perform, or if the index test is invasive and may lead to side effects.
This means that pooled arrays of data are one that combines cross sectional data on n spatial. Here, i describe cross sectional studies, their uses, advantages. Intraclass correlations were utilized to assess agreement between vas and likert scalesindices and marginal homogeneity tests were utilized to detect possible differe nces in absolute levels. The questionnaire focused on the frequency of giving access to, type of use, advantages and disadvantages of email, cell phone calls and text messages communication between physicians and patients.
Mar 26, 2014 a cross sectional study design was used to investigate the extent of chronic fatigue and the associated psychosocial exposures in a developing country. Association of rift valley fever virus infection with. Potential advantages of a nested casecontrol design in diagnostic research the nested casecontrol study design can be advantageous over a full crosssectional cohort design when actual disease prevalence in subjects suspected of a target condition is low, the index test is costly to perform, or if the index test is invasive and may lead to. Summary among women at a tertiary hospital for babycheckup in vietnam, prevalence of probable depressive state was 23% probable depression was 7%. Not costly to perform and does not require a lot of time. Cross sectional studies advantages of a crosssectional study include. This allows the researcher to assess the prevalence of a disease or of other variables of interest. Pooled data are characterized by having repeated observations most frequently years on fixed units most frequently states and nations. Cross sectional studies are often used in developmental psychology, but this method is also utilized in many other areas including social science and. Our findings have implications for implementation of preventive measures, and evidencebased information to the public in endemic countries should be strongly recommended during rift valley. Here, i describe crosssectional studies, their uses, advantages. Cross sectional study an overview sciencedirect topics. Crosssectional studies crosssectional studies measure simultaneously the exposure and health outcome in a given population and in a given geographical area at a certain time.
524 881 668 969 1253 1123 796 327 1365 1404 361 877 1342 1510 39 1506 600 427 1024 448 150 1054 915 1042 1248 852 570 1541 152 862 962 156 199 855 1424 622 1134 1018 1347 15 429 109 977 469